Immigration Convictions for May 2016
5,956 |
-3.1 |
1.0 |
-6.3 |
-25.6 |
Table 1. Criminal Immigration Convictions
The latest available data from the Justice Department show that during May 2016 the government reported 5956 new immigration convictions.
According to the case-by-case information analyzed by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC), this number is down 3.1 percent over the previous month.
The comparisons of the number of defendants convicted for immigration-related offenses are based on case-by-case information obtained by TRAC under the Freedom of Information Act from the Executive Office for United States Attorneys (see Table 1).
When monthly 2016 convictions of this type are compared with those of the same period in
the previous year, the number of convictions was only slightly up (1%).
Convictions over the past year are still much lower than they were five years ago.
Overall, the data show that convictions of this type are down 6.3 percent from levels reported in 2011.
Figure 1. Monthly Trends in Immigration Convictions
The leveling out from the levels five years ago in immigration convictions for these matters is shown more clearly in Figure 1.
The vertical bars in Figure 1
represent the number of immigration convictions of this type recorded on a month-to-month
basis. Where a prosecution was initially filed in U.S. Magistrate Court and then transferred to the U.S. District Court,
the magistrate filing date was used since this provides an earlier indicator of actual trends.
The superimposed line on the bars plots the six-month moving average so
that natural fluctuations are smoothed out. The one and five-year rates of change in Table 1 and in the sections that follow are all based upon this six-month moving average. To view trends year-by-year rather than month-by-month, see TRAC's annual report series for a broader picture.
Figure 2. Convictions by Investigative Agency
Virtually all federal criminal convictions for immigration offenses in May 2016
(100 percent) were referred by the Department of Homeland Security
(DHS). The two lead investigative agencies in DHS are Customs and Border Protection (CBP) whose border patrol
agencies guard the county's borders, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), responsible for conducting
most immigration criminal investigations
under the immigration laws. See Figure 2.
Immigration Convictions in U.S. Magistrate Courts
Top Ranked Lead Charges
In May 2016, 4339 defendants
in immigration cases for these matters were
filed in U.S. Magistrate Courts. These courts handle less serious
misdemeanor cases, including what are called "petty offenses." In
addition, complaints are sometimes filed in the magistrate courts before
an indictment or information is entered. In these cases, the matter
starts in the magistrate courts and later moves to the district court
where subsequent proceedings take place.
In the magistrate courts in May the most frequently cited lead charge was
Title 8 U.S.C Section 1325 involving "Entry of alien at improper time or place; etc.". This was the lead charge
for 77.6 percent of all magistrate convictions in May.
Other frequently prosecuted lead charges include: "08 USC 1326 - Reentry of deported alien" (21.8%).
Immigration Convictions in U.S. District Courts
In May 2016, 1617 defendants in new cases
for these matters were charged in the U.S. District Courts. In addition during May there
were an additional 0 defendants whose cases moved from the magistrate
courts to the U.S. district courts after an indictment or information
was filed. The sections which follow cover both sets of cases and
therefore cover all matters filed in district court during May.
Top Ranked Lead Charges
Table 2 shows the top lead charges recorded in the convictions of immigration matters
filed in U.S. District Court during May 2016.
Table 2. Top Charges for Convictions
"Reentry of deported alien" (Title 8 U.S.C Section 1326) was the most frequent recorded lead charge.
"Reentry of deported alien" (Title 8 U.S.C Section 1326) was ranked 1 a year ago, while it was ranked 1 five years ago.
Ranked 2nd in frequency was the lead charge "Bringing in and harboring certain aliens" under Title 8 U.S.C Section 1324.
"Bringing in and harboring certain aliens" under Title 8 U.S.C Section 1324 was ranked 2 a year ago, while it was ranked 2 five years ago.
Ranked 3rd was "Fraud and misuse of visas, permits, and other documents" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 1546.
"Fraud and misuse of visas, permits, and other documents" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 1546 was ranked 3 a year ago, while it was ranked 3 five years ago.
Among these top ten lead charges, the one showing the greatest
increase in convictions — up 500 percent — compared to one year ago was Title 18 U.S.C Section 758
that involves " High speed flight from immigration checkpoint ".
Compared to five years ago, the largest increase — 266.7 percent — was registered for
convictions under " Fraud - Nat'zation, citizenship, alien registry " (Title 18 U.S.C Section 1015 ).
Again among the top ten lead charges, the one showing the sharpest
decline in convictions compared to one year ago — down 37.8 percent — was
" Entry of alien at improper time or place; etc. " (Title 8 U.S.C Section 1325 ).
This was the same statute that had the largest decrease — 72.8 % — when compared with five years ago.
Top Ranked Judicial Districts
Understandably, there is great variation in the number of immigration convictions in each of the nation's ninety-four federal judicial districts.
The districts registering the
largest number of convictions of this type last month are shown in Table 3.
Table 3. Top 10 Districts
The District of New Mexico — with 470 convictions — was the most active during May 2016.
The District of New Mexico was ranked 3 a year ago, while it was ranked 5 for most frequent use five years ago.
The Southern District of Texas (Houston) ranked 2nd.
The Southern District of Texas (Houston) was ranked 1 a year ago, while it was ranked 1 for most frequent use five years ago.
Western District of Texas (San Antonio) is now ranking 3rd.
The Western District of Texas (San Antonio) was ranked 2 a year ago, while it was ranked 3 for most frequent use five years ago.
Recent entrants to the top 10 list were
Eastern District of Michigan (Detroit), now ranked
8th
, and Puerto Rico
at 10th
In the same order, these districts ranked 17th and 17th one year ago and 36th and 18th five years ago.
The federal judicial district which showed the greatest growth
in immigration convictions compared to one year ago — 50.9 percent — was
Eastern District of Michigan (Detroit).
Compared to five years ago, the district with the largest growth — 125.2 percent — was
New Mexico .
In the last year, the judicial District Court recording the
largest drop in immigration convictions — 38.3 percent — was
Southern District of California (San Diego).
This was the same district that had the largest increase — 57.5 percent — when compared with five years ago.
Top Ranked District Judges
At any one time, there are about 680 federal District Court judges working in the United States. The judges recorded with the largest number of new immigration crime cases resulting in convictions of this type during May 2016 are shown in Table 4.
All 10 of the "top ten" judges were in districts which were in the top ten with the largest number of immigration convictions.
Judge Kenneth John Gonzales in the District of New Mexico ranked 1st with 155 convicted in immigration convictions.
Judge Gonzales also appeared in the top ten rankings one year ago (ranked 2).
Judge Robert C. Brack in the District of New Mexico ranked 2nd with 147 convicted in immigration convictions.
Judge Brack appeared in the top ten rankings one year (ranked 1) and five years ago (rank 4).
Judge William Paul Johnson in the District of New Mexico ranked 3rd with 112 convicted in immigration convictions.
Report Generated: July 15, 2016